Click above to get retro games delivered to your door ever month!

The previous section describes some general aspects of stream input/output.
The following describes functions dealing with streams containing multibyte
character sequences.

After a stream is associated with an external file, but before any
operations are performed on it, the stream is without orientation.  Once a
wide character input/output function has been applied to a stream without
orientation, the stream becomes wide-oriented.  Similarly, once a byte
input/output function has been applied to a stream without orientation, the
stream becomes byte-oriented.  Only a successful call to  freopen can
otherwise alter the orientation of a stream (it removes any orientation).
 You cannot mix byte input/output functions and wide character input/output
functions on the same stream.

A file positioning function can cause the next wide character output
function to overwrite a partial multibyte character.  This can lead to the
subsequent reading of a stream of multibyte characters containing an invalid
character.

When multibyte characters are read from a stream, they are converted to wide
characters.  Similarly, when wide characters are written to a stream, they
are converted to multibyte characters.

The following functions are defined:

fgetwc (see fgetc)
    get next wide character from file

_fgetwchar (see fgetchar)
    equivalent to "fgetwc" with the argument "stdin"

fgetws (see fgets)
    get a wide character string

fprintf
    "C" and "S" extensions to the format specifier

fputwc (see fputc)
    write a wide character

_fputwchar (see fputchar)
    write a character to the "stdout" stream

fputws (see fputs)
    write a wide character string

fscanf
    "C" and "S" extensions to the format specifier

fwprintf (see fprintf)
    formatted wide character output

fwscanf (see fscanf)
    scan wide character input according to format

getwc (see getc)
    read wide character

getwchar (see getchar)
    get next wide character from "stdin"

_getws (see gets)
    get wide character string from "stdin"

putwc (see putc)
    write wide character to file

putwchar (see putchar)
    write wide character to "stdout"

_putws (see puts)
    write wide character string to "stdout"

ungetwc (see ungetc)
    push wide character back on input stream

vfwprintf (see vfprintf)
    same as "fwprintf" but with variable arguments

vfwscanf (see vfscanf)
    same as "fwscanf" but with variable arguments

vswprintf (see vsprintf)
    same as "swprintf" but with variable arguments

vwprintf (see vprintf)
    same as "wprintf" but with variable arguments

vwscanf (see vscanf)
    same as "wscanf" but with variable arguments

_wfdopen (see fdopen)
    open stream, given handle using a wide character "mode"

_wfopen (see fopen)
    open a stream using wide character arguments

_wfreopen (see freopen)
    re-opens a stream using wide character arguments

_wfsopen (see _fsopen)
    open a shared stream using wide character arguments

_wperror (see perror)
    write error message to "stderr" stream

wprintf (see printf)
    format wide character output to "stdout"

wscanf (see scanf)
    scan wide character input from "stdin" under format control

See the section Directory Functions for functions which are related to
directories.